The idea of self-governance in Seneca’s philosophy as a means of exercising reason

Abstract

This reflection aims to investigate the idea of "self-mastery" in Seneca's philosophy. For the Roman philosopher, self-mastery is understood as the individual's ability not to be disturbed or guided by the passions, since submission to such affections implies being guided by fortuitous impulses and, consequently, leading a life characterized by excess and vices. Therefore, it becomes necessary to subject the passions to the scrutiny of reason, with a view to seeking the right measure and ordering them through the practice of virtues. In this context, the role of philosophy stands out as a way of life that teaches self-governance and care of the self, guiding the individual’s choices and actions. Thus, the man who exercises self-governance, practices the virtues, and seeks the right measure in his actions tends to attain freedom and happiness, because he conforms to his fundamental purpose: to live in accordance with nature.